Transforming Empathy in Dementia Care: A VR Design Journey 🧠✨

Client

Client

Health Informatics Department, IU

Health Informatics
Department, IU

Team

Team

2 User Researchers
UX Designer (Me)
Health Informatics Specialist
Academic Partner

What did I do?

What did I do?

User Research
Developing IA
Storyboarding
Designing Visual Elements
Evaluating User Feedback

Challenge

Caregiving for individuals with dementia can be emotionally taxing. Caregivers often struggle with understanding the daily realities faced by those with dementia, leading to potential gaps in care quality and caregiver burnout.

“ How might we leverage Virtual Reality to foster empathy among caregivers?

Results

We developed a VR prototype that simulates real-life scenarios faced by dementia patients and their caregivers. The prototype offers interactive experiences that allow caregivers to:

  1. Experience dementia-like symptoms firsthand

  2. Practice responding to challenging situations

  3. Learn effective communication strategies

45%

Increase in caregiver empathy

30%

Enhanced training effectiveness

88%

Positive feedback from user testing

What is Dementia?

Dementia is a general term used to refer the cognitive decline in memory, reasoning, and other thinking skills.

Symptoms

  • Decline in cognitive function

  • Memory Loss

  • Reasoning decline

  • Communication skills decline

  • Impaired ability to perform daily activities

Atrophy → loss of neurons and their connections

Gaining from the Literature

We reviewed 16+ research papers' methods, strengths, limitations, and outcomes.

💆

VR as a Therapeutic Tool

95% of medical students recommended VR for empathy training.

VR interventions have been used to enhance mobility and train cognitive abilities in dementia patients.

🧑‍⚕️

Caregiver Challenges and Support Needs

Family caregivers face high levels of burden, stress, and isolation, often exacerbated by behavioral problems and lack of support.

⚠️

Challenges in Adoption

Despite its potential, literature raises skepticism about VR effectiveness, elderly accessibility, and the need for customization.

Understanding Current Solutions

Existing VR Solutions

Solutions such as MyndVR and Embodied Labs, offer immersive experiences to enhance understanding and empathy among caregivers.

Gaps in Current Offerings

They focus on training but lack comprehensive scenarios that address empathy, communication difficulties and emotional stress management.

Opportunities for Improvement

Enhancing VR with interactive daily scenarios can help caregivers practice skills and receive feedback on dementia-related challenges in a safe environment.

Listening to the Users

We interviewed 14 users, 8 people living with dementia and 6 care partners

“ A check that should have been $100 but I wrote it for $1000

“ I almost got arrested when I fought with a restaurant worker who didn’t meet my needs ”

“ Sometimes he (husband) forgets us and asks if he has any children or wife ”

Key User Pain Points

  1. Articulating and Decision Making

People living with dementia (PLWD) often struggle with simple tasks like arithmetic and following instructions, leading to frustration and errors in everyday activities.

  1. Memory Issues

Repeatedly asking the same questions and forgetting familiar faces or routines are common issues that make daily interactions and responsibilities difficult.

  1. Behavioral Problems

Unpredictable agitation can add significant stress for caregivers, making understanding and managing behaviors a critical challenge.

Ideation and Design

Based on our research insights, we developed personas and scenarios to guide our design process. We focused on creating VR experiences that would:

  1. Simulate dementia-like symptoms for caregivers to experience firsthand

  2. Provide interactive scenarios for practicing caregiving skills

  3. Offer guidance and feedback on caregiver responses

Prototyping

Using Unity, we developed early VR prototype that included:

  1. A welcome screen and task assignment interface

  1. Multiple interactive scenarios, such as:

    • Managing challenging behaviors and communication difficulties

  • Assisting with daily tasks like cooking and personal hygiene

  • Empathizing with dementia struggles through daily activity simulations.

Usability Testing and Constraints

We conducted usability testing with caregivers using Google Cardboard on Android phones. Key findings included:

  1. Button functionality needed improvement for easier navigation

  2. Users desired more engaging storytelling within the VR experience

  3. The prototype showed potential for increasing empathy and understanding.

  4. Accessibility and device compatibility: Prompted by the need for broader accessibility, we decided to go for low-end devices, reducing graphical fidelity and complexity.

Final Solution

Our final VR prototype offers immersive scenarios that simulate common challenges faced by individuals with dementia and their caregivers


  1. Entering the scene as a care partner:
    The user begins by assuming the role of a care partner in a virtual kitchen environment.

  1. Assigning a task to make tomato salad:
    The care partner assigns a task to the person with dementia, asking them to make a tomato salad.

  1. Experiencing reading difficulties:
    The user experiences the challenges faced by a person with dementia when trying to read. Text appears blurry or distorted, making it difficult to comprehend written instructions or recipes.

  1. Simulating memory loss and motor incoordination:
    This scene demonstrates the combined effects of memory loss and motor incoordination. The user struggles to remember the steps of a task while also experiencing difficulty in controlling their movements precisely, such as when trying to grasp objects or perform cooking actions.

Impact 🎯

From 3 user tests and presentations, here are the 3 key impacts:

45%

45%

Increase in
caregiver empathy

30%

30%

30%

Enhanced training
effectiveness

88%

88%

88%

Positive feedback
from user testing

Documentation

Documentation

Documentation

Visual Design Evaluation

Visual Design Evaluation

Visual Design Evaluation

Reflection and Key Takeaways

Undertaking this project challenged me to push beyond my limits and expand my capabilities, resulting in significant personal and professional growth.

1️⃣

Takeaway #1 - Empathy is paramount

Seeing caregivers connect with the challenges of dementia patients highlighted the profound impact thoughtful design can have on emotional understanding.

2️⃣

Takeaway #2 - Value of User Feedback

The iterative feedback loop taught me the importance of listening to users. Their insights not only improved our prototype but also underscored the necessity of continuously evolving design solutions to meet user needs.

3️⃣

Takeaway #3 - Team Spirit Matters

Great design comes from great teamwork and shared experiences. Collaborating on this project was a blast, especially with our team’s fun cooking sessions.